Revista de Investigación en Gestión Industrial, Ambiental, Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo - GISST

III. PERCEPCIÓN DEL RIESGO EN UNA INSTITUCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN MEDIA PÚBLICA.

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This research approached the occupational health and safety management system of
a public Middle Education Institution from the perception of risk by teachers and the analysis
of safety in infrastructure through direct observation with a checklist for inspections of the
Ministry of Labor. It was evidenced a low perception of the associated risk by the officials.
This is due to the lack of fundamental aspects for the identification, prevention, control, and
monitoring of risks and pathologies linked to the teaching profession. Accordingly, the
inspection reflected a compliance level of 3.45% against the parameters of the instrument,
registering findings such as loose handrails, ramps without guards or fall protection,
biological risk due to infrastructure deterioration, uncovered sewers, among others. It is
inferred that the population has a low perception of the risk related to the development of
teaching activities, due to the unawareness of the factors associated with pathologies, the
prevention actions, and control measures that must be implemented to reduce the threat. The
low awareness of a safe and protected environment increases the vulnerability of the officials
and exposes them to occupational diseases and work accidents as evidenced in the previous
year. The foregoing, contrasted with the inspection carried out in the infrastructure, confirms
the lack of care and corroborates the low-risk awareness within the institution

II. DISEÑO DE PLAN DE ACCIÓN PARA LA GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS BIOMECÁNICOS EN PROCESO DE LATONERÍA Y PINTURA EN TRABAJADORES DE UNA EMPRESA AUTOMOTRIZ

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Biomechanical Risks are all those external elements to which a person carrying out a specific
activity is exposed and that can affect the worker's strength, posture and movements in the
work activities carried out, causing serious consequences such as specific ailments,
permanent injuries or diseases. The objective of the project was to design an action plan to
manage Biomechanical Risks in the workers of an automotive company. The study was
descriptive, based on direct observation of how the operators performed their tasks during
their workday, applying tools such as ergonomic checklist based on the ILO, Nordic
questionnaires and the GTC45 methodology, Annex B, hazard identification matrix,
evaluation and risk assessment in the brass and painting process for the collection of
information. It was identified that carrying out tasks such as repairing dents, applying paint
during the work day presents a high risk to the health of workers because they usually adopt
standing postures, forced postures and repetitive movements. Likewise tasks such as;
dismantle the affected part, sand and polish with a medium level, where risks were identified
such as; application of force and forced posture. It is concluded that the analyzed sector meets
levels of biomechanical risk that makes it vulnerable to the appearance of Musculoskeletal
Disorders (MSD)

I. EXPOSICION A RUIDO OCUPACIONAL Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA SALUD AUDITIVA DE TRABAJADORES DE LA INDUSTRIA METALMECÁNICA

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To refer to the assessment of noise events in the workplace along with the impact on hearing
integrity in workers in a company dedicated to the transformation of metal parts in the city
of Cartagena. For this work to be carried out, a descriptive form has been contemplated, with
cross-sectional data collection in a company of this type carried out in the capital of the
department of Bolivar in mid-2023. The unit of analysis of the present study was made up of
15 workers exposed to occupational noise. Sonometry was carried out through the Casella
brand sound level meter, model CEL- 24X, which complies with the ISO 9612:2009 standard
previously calibrated, on the other hand, audiometry tests on 15 workers using a MAICO
MA 42 audiometer in a soundproof cabin. according to the GATI-HNIR 2006 criteria of the
Ministry of Social Protection.
Regarding the measurement of the noise level, it was initially carried out with work analysis
through previous observations, interviews with the production manager and workers, in
which it allowed us to identify the jobs where noise is generated, the different activities. and
tasks of the organization's process, for selecting the most appropriate measurement strategy
and measurement plan. Five calculations were made according to the noise evaluated
randomly during the work. whose results were 82.2 dB(A) as the minimum and 101.2 dB(A)
as the maximum value. Then, the average sound pressure was determined, taking the timeweighted A (Lp,A,T) in each activity of the process in order to establish the magnitude of the
risk based on Resolution 1792 of 1990 Ministry of Labor, Regarding With the impact on
hearing health due to prolonged exposure to high levels of noise at work, 45.7% of workers
have mild hearing loss and 6.67% have moderate hearing loss in accordance with what is
stated in the National Institute for the Occupational Safety and Health of the year 1998.